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A cement blind area (also known as a cement pavement or cement apron) is an essential element in the protection and landscaping of a building’s foundation. It is a concrete or cement-sand coating laid around the perimeter of a building, directly adjacent to the foundation, designed to divert rain and meltwater away from the base. This prevents water from penetrating the soil near the foundation, reducing the risk of damage and extending the lifespan of the entire structure.
This component plays a key role in ensuring the building’s durability, since groundwater and atmospheric precipitation can cause wall dampness, cracking, and mold growth inside the premises. Cement blind areas are among the most common and reliable methods of foundation moisture protection due to their strength, durability, and relative ease of installation.
This article provides an in-depth overview of cement blind area installation technology, materials, design and operational features, as well as a comparison with other types of blind areas. Additionally, common installation mistakes and maintenance recommendations will be discussed.
Functions and Purpose of Cement Blind Area
The primary function of a cement blind area is to protect the foundation from moisture ingress. Water accumulating near the building base can cause soil erosion, freezing, and capillary moisture rise into walls, leading to dampness and mold inside.
The blind area ensures drainage of rain and meltwater away from the foundation, preventing infiltration into the soil beneath the building. This is especially important in regions with heavy precipitation and harsh winters, where soil freezing can cause foundation and wall deformation.
Besides waterproofing, the cement blind area serves as a protective cover preventing mechanical damage to the soil near the building and improves the site’s aesthetic by creating a neat, finished look.
Structural Features of Cement Blind Area
A cement blind area is a concrete strip, typically 50 to 100 cm wide, laid around the building perimeter with a slope away from the foundation to divert water. Its thickness varies from 5 to 15 cm depending on operating conditions and soil type.
The blind area consists of several layers: a base of compacted soil or sand, a drainage layer of crushed stone or gravel, and a cement-sand screed or concrete layer on top. Sometimes decorative finishes like tiles or stone are added.
Special attention is paid to expansion joints that prevent cracking due to temperature changes and shrinkage. Their width and placement are calculated based on the blind area size and climate.
Materials for Cement Blind Area Construction
The main material is cement-sand mortar or concrete. The mortar is prepared using Portland cement, clean river sand, and water in specific proportions to ensure strength and water resistance.
Concrete includes crushed stone or gravel, improving strength and resistance to mechanical loads. Material quality directly affects the durability and performance of the blind area.
Additives such as water repellents, plasticizers, and antifreeze agents may be introduced to improve waterproofing and frost resistance.
Cement Blind Area Installation Technology
Installation begins with base preparation. The topsoil is removed around the building perimeter to a depth of 20–30 cm, followed by laying and compacting a sand cushion.
A crushed stone or gravel layer about 10 cm thick is then spread and compacted to ensure drainage and stability. Formwork and reinforcement mesh are installed to prevent cracking and enhance strength.
Next, cement-sand mortar or concrete is poured, leveled, and compacted. The blind area is sloped 3–5 degrees away from the foundation to ensure water runoff.
The surface is smoothed and compacted. During the first days, the blind area must be protected from drying and mechanical damage by regular moistening to prevent cracking.
Importance of Proper Slope and Drainage
A key factor in blind area effectiveness is the correct surface slope. It ensures water runoff from the foundation, preventing stagnation and soil infiltration.
An optimal slope of 3 to 5 degrees allows water to quickly flow into drainage systems or onto the site surface. Insufficient slope leads to water pooling, reducing protective properties.
Drainage under the blind area is also important. The crushed stone or gravel layer provides free water movement, preventing stagnation and increasing frost resistance.
Comparison of Cement Blind Area with Other Types
Several types of blind areas exist: cement, asphalt, rubber, paving slabs, and gravel. Cement blind areas are characterized by high strength and durability, making them the most popular.
Asphalt blind areas are less resistant to mechanical damage and temperature fluctuations, shortening their lifespan. Rubber and gravel coverings are more decorative but do not provide reliable waterproofing.
Paving slab blind areas are aesthetically pleasing and easy to repair but require quality base preparation and regular maintenance. The table below compares key characteristics.
| Type of Blind Area | Strength | Waterproofing | Durability | Cost | Maintenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cement | High | High | 20-30 years | Medium | Low |
| Asphalt | Medium | Medium | 10-15 years | Low | Medium |
| Paving Slabs | Medium | Medium | 15-20 years | High | Medium |
| Rubber | Low | Medium | 5-10 years | High | High |
| Gravel | Low | Low | 5-10 years | Low | High |
Common Mistakes in Cement Blind Area Installation and Their Consequences
One common mistake is improper base preparation. Insufficient compaction of soil and sand leads to subsidence and cracking.
Lack of or incorrect slope causes water stagnation, reducing protective effectiveness and potentially damaging the foundation.
Incorrect mortar composition, use of poor-quality cement or sand, and absence of reinforcement reduce strength and durability.
Omission of expansion joints often results in cracking due to thermal expansion and shrinkage.
Recommendations for Maintenance and Care
To maintain the blind area’s performance, regular inspections for damage and cracks are necessary. Detected defects should be promptly repaired.
In winter, it is important to prevent accumulation of meltwater and ice on the surface as it may cause damage. Timely cleaning and ensuring free water runoff are recommended.
Periodic application of waterproofing compounds enhances moisture resistance and protects against environmental effects.
Environmental and Economic Aspects of Cement Blind Area
Cement blind areas are made from widely available and relatively inexpensive materials, making them an economical foundation protection solution.
Cement production involves significant CO2 emissions, posing environmental concerns; however, the durability and reliability of the structure reduce the need for frequent repairs and replacements.
Proper blind area installation also contributes to energy savings by preventing soil freezing and heat loss.
Conclusion
Cement blind areas are among the most effective and reliable ways to protect foundations from moisture and mechanical damage. Correct material selection, thorough base preparation, adherence to installation technology, and regular maintenance ensure durability and functionality.
Despite alternative types, cement blind areas remain the optimal choice for most climates and building types due to their strength, waterproofing, and accessibility.
When designing and installing blind areas, it is important to consider soil, climate, and building specifics to provide maximum protection and prolong foundation life.