Foundation from fbs blocks with your own hands

The foundation is the base of any building, and its quality and proper construction determine the durability, stability, and safety of the structure. One of the popular and affordable options for foundation construction is the use of FBS blocks (solid foundation blocks). They allow for a relatively quick and high-quality erection of a strong foundation capable of withstanding significant loads. This article provides a detailed look at how to build a foundation from FBS blocks with your own hands, from material selection and design to installation and finishing.

What Are FBS Blocks and Why Are They Popular for Foundations

FBS blocks are large-sized rectangular concrete products used for constructing strip foundations, plinths, and basements. They are made from heavy concrete with reinforcement, providing high strength and load resistance. Standard sizes typically are 390×188×588 mm, allowing for quick and convenient creation of foundation strips of required length and height.

The main advantage of FBS blocks is their high load-bearing capacity and durability. They do not rot, are resistant to moisture and aggressive environments, which is critical for foundations. Additionally, using FBS blocks significantly reduces construction time compared to monolithic concreting.

Another benefit is the ability to perform work by yourself without heavy machinery or complex equipment — the blocks are relatively light and easy to install. This makes FBS foundations an optimal solution for private construction and small objects.

Types and Sizes of FBS Blocks: Features of Selection for Foundations

Several types of FBS blocks are available on the market, differing in size and characteristics. Standard dimensions include blocks with a length of 588 mm, width 390 mm, and heights of 188, 288, 388, 588 mm. The block height affects the thickness of the foundation strip and load capacity.

The choice of specific type and size depends on design loads, soil type, and building features. For lightweight houses made of aerated concrete or wood, smaller height blocks are usually used, while heavier brick or stone buildings require more massive variants.

Moreover, blocks may differ in concrete density and reinforcement presence. For foundations operating in harsh conditions, blocks with increased strength and frost resistance are recommended. It is also important to pay attention to factory quality — the surface should be smooth without cracks or chips.

Foundation Design from FBS Blocks: Main Stages and Calculations

Before starting installation, it is necessary to properly design the foundation. Design includes determining the depth of laying, width and height of the foundation strip, and calculating loads from the building and soil. The laying depth is determined based on soil freezing depth and groundwater level.

Foundation load capacity is calculated considering the building weight, loads from floors and roof, as well as additional factors like snow load and wind pressure. Based on these data, the required number and sizes of FBS blocks are selected.

Special attention is paid to the foundation base — it must ensure even load distribution and prevent subsidence. Usually, a sand-gravel mixture is used, carefully compacted and leveled.

Site and Soil Preparation for Foundation from FBS Blocks

Site preparation is a crucial step affecting the entire foundation quality. First, the area is cleared of vegetation, debris, and the top fertile soil layer. Then, foundation marking is performed using a tape measure, level, and pegs.

After marking, a trench of required depth and width is excavated. Depth depends on design data and must be below the soil freezing level. Trench walls should be even and stable to avoid collapse.

The trench bottom is carefully leveled, and a sand and gravel base is arranged. The sand layer is moistened and compacted to create a dense foundation. Sometimes geotextile or reinforcing meshes are used to increase base stability.

FBS Block Installation: Step-by-Step Laying Technology

Laying FBS blocks starts with the installation of the first row, which must be perfectly leveled horizontally and vertically. For this, a construction level and water level are used. The first row is usually laid on a cement mortar or concrete screed layer 5-10 cm thick.

Each subsequent block is laid with staggered joints to ensure strength and stability. Joints between blocks are filled with cement mortar to ensure tightness and rigidity.

Special attention is paid to corners and joints, where additional reinforcing elements or metal anchors are used. To increase strength, reinforcement can be placed inside blocks, connected with building wall reinforcement.

Waterproofing and Insulation of Foundation from FBS Blocks

FBS block foundations require reliable waterproofing since concrete blocks, although moisture-resistant, can absorb water leading to damage and freezing. Horizontal and vertical waterproofing is used for protection.

Horizontal waterproofing is laid under the first block row, usually from roofing felt or specialized membranes. Vertical waterproofing is applied to the foundation’s outer surface after block installation.

To improve building energy efficiency, foundation insulation is recommended. Extruded polystyrene foam or foam plastic is used, attached to the foundation exterior and protected by drainage systems and finishing materials.

Drainage Installation and Foundation Moisture Protection

Drainage system installation around the foundation is especially important. Drainage prevents groundwater accumulation and reduces hydrostatic pressure on the foundation.

Perforated drainage pipes are laid along the foundation on a gravel bed and covered with geotextile to prevent silting. Water is diverted to drainage wells or storm sewer systems.

It is also important to ensure roof and site surface water drainage to prevent flooding and foundation damage.

Common Mistakes in FBS Block Foundation Construction and How to Avoid Them

A common mistake is incorrect laying depth, leading to freezing and foundation damage. Poor base preparation causing uneven subsidence is also frequent.

Errors in block laying such as lack of joint staggering, improper leveling, and insufficient mortar filling reduce structure strength and increase crack risk.

Inadequate waterproofing and absence of drainage lead to moisture penetration and concrete damage. To prevent problems, strict adherence to technology and use of quality materials are necessary.

Finishing and Further Use of Foundation from FBS Blocks

After installation and waterproofing, the foundation can be finished with decorative or protective materials. Plaster, facing bricks, or siding are often used to improve appearance and provide additional protection.

If needed, a basement or technical room can be integrated into the foundation with additional insulation and ventilation.

The FBS block foundation is ready for further construction of walls and floors. Properly constructed, it will serve for decades, ensuring building reliability and safety.

Comparative Table of FBS Block Foundation and Other Foundation Types

Conclusion

Foundation from FBS blocks with your own hands is an accessible and effective way to create a reliable base for a house or other structure. The key is thorough site preparation, proper foundation design considering all loads, correct block selection and laying, and quality waterproofing and drainage.

Following all technological steps and using quality materials will result in a foundation that lasts for many years, providing stability and safety for the building. This approach suits both private construction and small commercial projects.